3.1 Hydrocarbons

• identify sources of organic compounds in nature
• classify hydrocarbons as saturated or unsaturated
• determine the molecular formulae of hydrocarbons using the general formula
• assign names to hydrocarbons and their isomers using the IUPAC rules
• prepare hydrocarbons using appropriate methods in the laboratory
• investigate the physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbons
• appreciate the importance of hydrocarbons in our daily lives

“How are organic compounds important in our lives?”

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1. What organic chemistry is
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Introduce organic chemistry and hydrocarbons.
2. Occurrence of organic compounds
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Identify sources of organic compounds in nature.
3. Crude oil and its components
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Describe crude oil as a mixture of hydrocarbons.
4. Fractional distillation of crude oil
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Describe the fractional distillation of crude oil.
5. The fractions and their uses
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Name the fractions of crude oil and their uses.
6. Bonding in hydrocarbons
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Describe the bonding in hydrocarbons.
7. Shapes of hydrocarbon molecules
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Describe the shapes around carbon atoms.
8. Homologous series
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Describe a homologous series.
9. Saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Classify hydrocarbons as saturated or unsaturated.
10. General molecular formulae
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Use the general formulae of hydrocarbons.
11. Naming alkanes
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Name alkanes using IUPAC rules.
12. Naming alkenes
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Name alkenes using IUPAC rules.
13. Naming alkynes
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Name alkynes using IUPAC rules.
14. Naming branched hydrocarbons
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Name branched hydrocarbons using IUPAC rules.
15. Isomerism
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Explain structural isomerism.
16. Positional isomers
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Explain positional isomerism.
17. Modelling isomers
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Model structural and positional isomers.
18. Writing hydrocarbon formulae
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Write molecular, structural and condensed formulae.
19. Preparing methane
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Prepare methane in the laboratory.
20. Preparing ethene
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Prepare ethene in the laboratory.
21. Preparing ethyne
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Prepare ethyne in the laboratory.
22. Cracking
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Explain cracking.
23. Testing for saturation
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Test for saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
24. Safety in preparing hydrocarbons
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Apply safety when preparing hydrocarbons.
25. Physical properties of hydrocarbons
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Describe the colour and odour of hydrocarbons.
26. Density and solubility of hydrocarbons
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Describe the density and solubility of hydrocarbons.
27. Melting and boiling points
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Explain the melting and boiling point trends.
28. Trends in the series
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Describe how physical properties change along a series.
29. Separating hydrocarbons
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Use physical properties to separate hydrocarbons.
30. Combustion of alkanes
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Describe the combustion of alkanes.
31. Substitution in alkanes
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Describe substitution in alkanes.
32. Combustion of alkenes
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Describe the combustion of alkenes.
33. Addition reactions of alkenes
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Describe the addition reactions of alkenes.
34. Polymerisation of alkenes
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Describe the polymerisation of alkenes.
35. Oxidation of alkenes
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Describe the oxidation of alkenes.
36. Combustion of alkynes
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Describe the combustion of alkynes.
37. Addition reactions of alkynes
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Describe the addition reactions of alkynes.
38. Testing for unsaturation
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Use two tests to show unsaturation.
39. Uses of hydrocarbons
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Outline the uses of hydrocarbons.
40. Importance of hydrocarbons
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Explain the importance of hydrocarbons in daily life.
41. Safe disposal of organic waste
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Dispose of organic waste safely.
42. Reviewing hydrocarbons
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Review hydrocarbons and reflect.