3.3 Navigation

• Categories of airspace in flight operations: controlled and uncontrolled
• Classes of airspace in flight operations
• Characteristics of each class of airspace: altitude, purpose, location, users and air traffic services
• Main types of navigation methods: pilotage and dead reckoning
• The triangle of velocities in route planning: heading, groundspeed, time and fuel required
• Observing navigation methods using visual and audio aids
• The importance of navigation in flight operations

• classify the types of airspace in flight operations
• describe the classes of airspace in flight operations
• illustrate the navigation methods in flight operations
• design a route plan for an aircraft in flight operations
• recognise the importance of navigation in flight operations

“What is the role of navigation in flight operations?”

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1. Controlled and uncontrolled airspace
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Classify airspace into controlled and uncontrolled.
2. The classes of airspace
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Describe the classes of airspace from A to G.
3. Characteristics of airspace classes
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Describe the characteristics used to define an airspace class.
4. Navigation by pilotage
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Describe navigation by pilotage.
5. Navigation by dead reckoning
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Describe navigation by dead reckoning.
6. The triangle of velocities
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Construct and use the triangle of velocities.
7. Designing a route plan
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Design a route plan giving heading, groundspeed, time and fuel.
8. The importance of navigation
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Explain the importance of navigation in flight operations.