1.1 Soil Conservation Measures

• Methods of soil conservation: strip cropping, grassed waterways, stone lines, trash lines and soil bunds
• Carrying out soil conservation activities in the school environment
• A farm model displaying soil conservation measures
• Matching conservation measures to Kenya highlands and ASAL lands
• A caring attitude towards soil in the environment

• describe methods of soil conservation in agricultural environment
• carry out soil conservation activities in the environment
• demonstrate caring attitude towards soil in the environment

“How can we conserve soil in the environment?”

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1. Why we conserve soil
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Soil conservation means slowing water and wind so the thin dark topsoil that feeds crops is not washed or blown away.
2. Strip cropping
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Strip cropping is planting alternate bands of open and close-growing crops across the slope so the dense strip filters runoff and holds soil.
3. Grassed waterways
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   A grassed waterway is a shallow, grass-lined channel that carries runoff off a field without cutting a gully.
4. Stone lines
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Stone lines are rows of stones laid on the contour to slow runoff and trap soil, especially on ASAL farms where stones are plentiful and grass is scarce.
5. Trash lines
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Trash lines are bands of crop remains laid across the slope to slow runoff, trap soil and later rot into manure.
6. Soil bunds
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   A soil bund is an earth ridge built along the contour, with a small uphill ditch, so rainwater soaks in instead of racing downhill.
7. Highlands and ASAL: matching the measure
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Wet highland slopes lean on strip cropping, grassed waterways and bunds; dry ASAL land leans on stone lines, trash lines and bunds where soil allows.
8. Surveying the school farm
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Walk the school environment, find where soil is moving, and choose a conservation measure the class can actually build and tend.
9. A farm model of conservation
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   A carton, soil and papier-mache farm model displays strip cropping, a grassed waterway, stone and trash lines and a bund on one slope.
10. A caring attitude toward soil
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Caring for soil means repairing structures after rain, keeping cover on the ground, sharing the skill, and not starting new gullies.