3.2 Human Excretory System

• Components of the excretory system
• Parts of the human skin and their functions (epidermis, dermis, sweat glands, sweat duct, sweat pore; position of the hair)
• Waste products excreted through the skin, lungs and kidneys
• Parts of the urinary system and their functions (external appearance of the kidney and vessels serving the kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra)
• Common kidney disorders and their causes
• Healthy lifestyles and a daily log of activities that promote skin and kidney health

• identify functions of parts of the human skin
• identify functions of parts of the urinary system in human
• describe the causes of kidney disorders in human beings
• develop and maintain a daily log of activities that promote skin and kidney health in human beings
• appreciate the need for a healthy lifestyle to promote kidney and skin health

“What is the role of the excretory system?”

“How can a healthy excretory system be maintained?”

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1. Role of the excretory system
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Excretion is the removal of wastes the body has made. The Grade 7 excretory system uses the skin, lungs and kidneys. Faeces are a different story.
2. Organs of excretion: skin, lungs, kidneys
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   The Grade 7 excretory system is built from the skin, the lungs and the kidneys (with the rest of the urinary tract). Each organ has a place in the body.
3. Wastes from skin, lungs and kidneys
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Skin excretes excess salts and water in sweat. Lungs excrete carbon IV oxide. Kidneys excrete excess salts and water in urine. Search, then lock the map.
4. Observing the skin with a hand lens
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   A hand lens on the back of the hand or forearm shows hair and tiny sweat pores. Record what you see. Do not pick the skin.
5. Epidermis and dermis
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   The skin has an outer epidermis and an inner dermis. Hair starts in the dermis and passes through the epidermis. A chart, not a cut, shows the layers.
6. Sweat gland, duct, pore and hair
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Sweat is made in the gland, travels up the duct and leaves at the pore. Hair is labelled for position. This is the path of jasho, not a thermostat lesson.
7. Functions of parts of the skin
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   Each named part has a job: epidermis covers, dermis holds the gland and hair root, gland makes sweat, duct carries it, pore lets it out. Outcome (a).
8. Lungs remove carbon IV oxide
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   The lungs are excretory organs because breathed-out air carries carbon IV oxide, a waste cells have made. Oxygen in is not a waste.
9. Parts of the urinary system
   40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
   The urinary system is two kidneys, vessels that serve them, two ureters, a bladder and a urethra. Discuss the map before any functions.
10. External appearance of the kidney
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    A kidney is bean-shaped. At the dented side an artery brings blood, a vein takes blood away, and a ureter leaves with urine. Outside only.
11. Ureter, bladder and urethra
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Ureters carry urine to the bladder. The bladder stores it. The urethra takes it out. Do not mix ureter with urethra.
12. Functions of the urinary system
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Put the parts together: blood in, urine down, cleaner blood out, urine stored, urine left. Outcome (b), still without a nephron or osmoregulation.
13. Modelling the urinary system
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Build the urinary map with bottles, straws, a balloon and manila. Label every part. Unity: one group, one model, recycled materials.
14. Common kidney disorders
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Name common disorders: kidney stones, urinary infection that can reach the kidney, and kidney failure. Class is not a clinic. Causes next.
15. Causes of kidney disorders
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Outcome (c): too little water, too much salt, extra painkillers, untreated infection, high blood pressure, diabetes, alcohol or some drugs, and unknown herbal mixes.
16. Preventing kidney disorders
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Prevention a learner can own: water, less extra salt, no extra pills, hygiene, treat infection early, skip alcohol and unknown herbs. Clinic diseases still need clinicians.
17. Healthy lifestyle for skin and kidneys
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Love your natural skin. Wash, water, shamba food, PE then wash, no bleach creams, no extra salt or pills. Agriculture link: nutrition that feeds these organs.
18. Daily log of skin and kidney health
    40 min · 1 practice tasks · quiz
    Collaborate on the rows, then each learner starts an honest seven-day log. Outcome (d) is develop and maintain. Outcome (e) is living the appreciation.